A Review of Visible LED Skin Phototherapy Applications

Phototherapy is a treatment technique that uses light radiation to treat skin diseases or for cosmetic purposes. Types include visible light, infrared light, ultraviolet light, lasers, and photochemotherapy. With the development of LED light sources, their application in skin treatment is becoming increasingly widespread. The selection of light source parameters, including dosage, wavelength, and irradiation mode, has a significant impact on the treatment effect.

The mechanisms and effects of phototherapy include: 1) improving skin condition: Phototherapy promotes blood circulation and improves skin nutrition, which can improve skin problems such as acne and pigmentation; 2) promoting wound healing: Phototherapy accelerates cell regeneration and reduces inflammation, which has a positive effect on the healing of wounds such as external injuries and surgical incisions; 3) relieving pain: Phototherapy stimulates the release of endorphins, which can alleviate discomfort caused by chronic pain such as arthritis and neuralgia; 4) enhancing immunity: Phototherapy can increase the activity of white blood cells and enhance the body's immune defense capabilities, which can help prevent colds; 5) regulating mood: Phototherapy can regulate the secretion of neurotransmitters in the brain, improve negative emotions such as depression and anxiety, and improve quality of life.

Phototherapy uses light of specific wavelengths to interact with skin tissue, triggering photobiochemical reactions that improve skin condition. Different wavelengths of light (such as red, blue, and near-infrared light) can be selectively absorbed by pigments, hemoglobin, or water molecules in the skin, converting into heat energy or biosignals that regulate cell activity, promote repair, or inhibit abnormal reactions.

Photothermal Effect

1. Short-wavelength light (such as blue light) can be absorbed by porphyrins, a metabolite of Propionibacterium acnes, releasing singlet oxygen to kill bacteria; long-wavelength light (such as infrared light) heats the dermis, stimulating collagen contraction and regeneration, improving sagging and fine lines.

Photochemical Regulation

2.Red light (630-660nm) penetrates the dermis, enhancing mitochondrial activity, increasing cellular ATP synthesis, and accelerating wound healing and barrier repair; yellow light (580nm) can inhibit excessive melanocyte activity and reduce pigmentation. Photomodulation Effects

3. Low-energy phototherapy alleviates sensitive skin problems such as rosacea and dermatitis by regulating the secretion of inflammatory factors (such as IL-6 and TNF-α), while reducing excessive sebum secretion.